अध्याय 12

अध्याय १२: भक्तियोग

Chapter 12: The Yoga of Devotion

सगुण आणि निर्गुण उपासनेतील श्रेष्ठता आणि भक्ताची लक्षणे.

The superiority between Saguna (with form) and Nirguna (without form) worship, and the characteristics of a devotee.

अर्जुन विचारतो की, जे भक्त तुमच्या सगुण रूपाची (personal form) उपासना करतात आणि जे तुमच्या अविनाशी, निर्गुण रूपाची (impersonal form) उपासना करतात, त्यापैकी श्रेष्ठ योगी कोण? श्रीकृष्ण उत्तर देतात की, जे आपले मन माझ्या सगुण रूपात स्थिर करून, परम श्रद्धेने माझी उपासना करतात, ते मला सर्वश्रेष्ठ वाटतात.

Arjuna inquires: Which are considered to be more perfect, those who are always properly engaged in Your devotional service (worshiping Your personal form) or those who worship the impersonal Brahman, the unmanifested? Shri Krishna replies that those who fix their minds on His personal form and are always engaged in worshiping Him with great and transcendental faith are considered by Him to be most perfect.

निर्गुण ब्रह्माची उपासना करणे अधिक कठीण आहे, कारण देहधारी जीवासाठी अव्यक्त गती प्राप्त करणे कष्टदायक असते. पण जे भक्त सर्व कर्मे मला अर्पण करून, अनन्यभावाने माझे ध्यान आणि उपासना करतात, त्यांचा मी मृत्यूरूपी संसारसागरातून लवकरच उद्धार करतो. त्यानंतर श्रीकृष्ण आदर्श भक्ताची लक्षणे सांगतात. जो कोणाचाही द्वेष करत नाही, जो सर्वांवर प्रेम आणि करुणा ठेवतो, जो अहंकार आणि ममत्व रहित आहे, जो सुख-दुःखात समान आहे, जो नेहमी संतुष्ट आणि क्षमाशील आहे, ज्याचे मन आणि बुद्धी माझ्यामध्ये स्थिर आहे, असा भक्त मला अत्यंत प्रिय आहे.

For those whose minds are attached to the unmanifested, impersonal feature of the Supreme, advancement is very troublesome. But those who worship Him, giving up all their activities unto Him and being devoted to Him without deviation, engaging in devotional service and always meditating upon Him, for them He is the swift deliverer from the ocean of birth and death. Then, Shri Krishna describes the qualities of an ideal devotee. He who is not envious but is a kind friend to all living entities, who does not think himself a proprietor and is free from false ego, who is equal in both happiness and distress, who is always satisfied and forgiving, whose mind and intelligence are fixed on Me—such a devotee is very dear to Me.

जो सर्व भूतांचा द्वेष न करी । मैत्री करुणा जयाच्या अंतरीं । तो भक्त मज आवडे भारी । निरंतर ॥

He who does not hate any being, who has friendship and compassion in his heart, that devotee is very dear to Me, always.

Hands folded in devotion and prayer